Tag Archives: EPS

Qos in LTE (4G) – ARP

ARP in LTE is not the Ethernet standard for address resolution, but rather the Allocation and Retention Policy. A scenario may arise where on a congested cell another bearer is requested to be setup. The P-GW, S-GW or eNB have to make a decision to either drop an existing bearer, or to refuse the request … Continue reading Qos in LTE (4G) – ARP →

QoS in LTE (4G) – MBR/AMBR/APN-MBR

EPC, EUTRAN, LTE, Mobile Networks, RF

MBR stands for Maximum Bit Rate, and it defines the maximum rate traffic can flow between a UE and the network. It can be defined on several levels: MBR per Bearer This is the maximum bit rate per bearer, this rate can be exceeded but if it is exceeded it’s QoS (QCI) values for the … Continue reading QoS in LTE (4G) – MBR/AMBR/APN-MBR →

QoS in LTE (4G) – QCI

EPC, EUTRAN, LTE, Mobile Networks, RF

The QCI (Quality Class Indicator) is a value of 0-9 to denote the service type and the maximum delays, packet loss and throughput the service requires. Different data flows have different service requirements, let’s look at some examples: A VoLTE call requires low latency and low packet loss, without low latency it’ll be impossible to … Continue reading QoS in LTE (4G) – QCI →

QoS in LTE (4G) – GBR & Non-GBR Bearers

EPC, EUTRAN, LTE, Mobile Networks, RF

GBR is a confusing concept at the start when looking at LTE but it’s actually kind of simple when we break it down. GBR stands for Guaranteed Bit Rate, meaning the UE is guaranteed a set bit rate for the bearer. The default bearer is always a non-GBR bearer, with best effort data rates. Let’s … Continue reading QoS in LTE (4G) – GBR & Non-GBR Bearers →

IMTx: NET02x (4G Network Essentials) – Management of Sporadic Data Flows – 4. UE Triggered Service Request

EPC, EUTRAN, LTE, Mobile Networks, Notes, RF

These are my lecture notes from IMT’s NET02x (4G Network Essentials) course, I thought I’d post them here as they may be useful to someone. You can find my complete notes here. As we just saw when a terminal moves to ECC-Idle while in EMM-Registered state, it releases it’s radio resources, so what happens when … Continue reading IMTx: NET02x (4G Network Essentials) – Management of Sporadic Data Flows – 4. UE Triggered Service Request →

IMTx: NET02x (4G Network Essentials) – Management of Sporadic Data Flows – 2. UE Connection to the Network

EPC, EUTRAN, LTE, Mobile Networks, Notes, RF

These are my lecture notes from IMT’s NET02x (4G Network Essentials) course, I thought I’d post them here as they may be useful to someone. You can find my complete notes here. One of the common themes we cover over and over in the 4G discussion is the desire to preserve energy on the UE … Continue reading IMTx: NET02x (4G Network Essentials) – Management of Sporadic Data Flows – 2. UE Connection to the Network →

IMTx: NET02x (4G Network Essentials) – Management of Sporadic Data Flows – 1. Attach and Detach Procedures

EPC, EUTRAN, LTE, Mobile Networks, Notes, RF

These are my lecture notes from IMT’s NET02x (4G Network Essentials) course, I thought I’d post them here as they may be useful to someone. You can find my complete notes here. A LTE UE has permanent IP connectivity for as long as it is connected. As soon as the UE powers up it requests … Continue reading IMTx: NET02x (4G Network Essentials) – Management of Sporadic Data Flows – 1. Attach and Detach Procedures →